Posted on February 17, 2010.
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GENERIC NAME: metoprolol
Brands: Lopressor, Toprol XL
DRUGS Class and Mechanism: Metoprolol is a beta-blocking agent that is used to treat high blood pressure, heart pain, abnormal heart rhythms, and some neurological disorders. Examples of beta-blockers include propranolol (Inderal), atenolol (Tenormin), and timolol (BLOCADREN). Metoprolol blocks the action of the sympathetic nervous system, part of the involuntary nervous system, blocking the beta receptors on sympathetic nerves. As the sympathetic nervous system is responsible for increasing the rate at which the heart beats by blocking the action of these nerves, metoprolol decreases heart rate and is useful in treating abnormally fast heart rhythms.
Metoprolol also reduces the force of contraction of heart muscle and reduces blood pressure. By reducing the heart rate and force of muscle contraction, metoprolol reduces the need for oxygen by the heart muscle. Since cardiac pain (angina pectoris) occurs when oxygen demand of cardiac muscle exceeds the supply of oxygen, metoprolol, reducing oxygen demand, is useful in the treatment of cardiac pain. The FDA has approved metoprolol in August 1978.
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PRESCRIPTION: Yes
Generic Available: Yes
Presentation: Tablets 25, 50 and 100 mg. Tablets (extended release): 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg. Injection: 1 mg / ml
STORAGE: Tablets should be kept between 15-30 ° C (59-86 F). They must be protected from moisture and dispensed in tight, a light-resistant container.
Hint: Metoprolol is prescribed for patients with high blood pressure (hypertension). It is also used to treat chest pain (angina pectoris) related to coronary disease. Metoprolol is also useful in slowing and regulating certain types of abnormally rapid heart rate (tachycardia). Other uses include metoprolol for migraine prevention and treatment of certain types of tremors (familial or hereditary essential tremors).
Dosage: Metoprolol should be taken before meals or at bedtime. The dose for the treatment of hypertension is 100-450 mg daily in single dose or divided. Angina is treated with 100-400 mg per day in two divided doses. Acute myocardial infarction is treated with three 5 injections given 2 mg-minute intervals followed by treatment with 50 mg of metoprolol orally every 6 hours for 48 hours. After 48 hours, patients should receive 100 mg orally twice daily for at least three months.
INTERACTIONS: Calcium channel blockers and digoxin (Lanoxin) can lower blood pressure and heart rate to dangerous levels when administered with metoprolol.
Metoprolol can mask the early warning symptoms of blood sugar (hypoglycemia) and must be used with caution in patients receiving treatment for diabetes.
PREGNANCY: Safe use of metoprolol during pregnancy has not been established.
Lactation: Small amounts of metoprolol are excreted in breast milk and may cause adverse reactions in infants.
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