Magnesium Chloride Liquid

Sodium chloride
Production and use
Salt is currently mass-produced by evaporation of seawater or brine from other sources, such as brine wells and salt lakes, and by mining rock salt, called halite. In 2002, world production was estimated at 210 million metric tons, the top five producers (million tonnes) is the United States (40.3), China (32.9), Germany (17.7 ), India (14.5) and Canada (12.3).
salts and the uses familiar cooking, salt is used in many applications, from manufacturing pulp and paper, to setting dyes in textiles, production of soaps, detergents and toiletries others. It is the main source of industrial chlorine and sodium hydroxide, used in virtually all sectors.
Sodium chloride is sometimes used as a desiccant cheap and safe as it seems to be hygroscopic, making salting an effective method of food preservation historically, because it attracts water of bacteria by the osmotic pressure prevent them from reproducing and causing food to spoil. Even if more effective desiccants are available, few are safe for humans to ingest.
Israeli and Jordanian salt marshes at the south end of the Dead Sea.
The mounds of salt, Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia.
Modern rock salt mine near Mount Morris, New York, USA.
evaporation lagoons, Aigues-Mortes, France.
Solubility of NaCl in various solvents
(L NaCl / 100 g solvent at 25 ° C)
H2O
36
Liquid ammonia
3.02
Methanol
1.4
Sulfolane
0.005
Formic acid
5.2
Acetone
0.000042
Formamide
9.4
Acetonitrile
0.0003
Dimethylformamide
0.04
Reference:
Burgess, J. metal ions in the solution
(Ellis Horwood, New York, 1978)
ISBN 0-85312-027-7
Synthetic uses
Sodium chloride is the raw material used to produce chlorine which itself is required for sterilization and the production of many modern materials including PVC, pesticides, and epoxy resins. Industrially, elemental chlorine is usually produced by electrolysis of sodium chloride dissolved in water. With chlorine, hydrogen gas alkali process yields and sodium hydroxide, according to the chemical equation
2NaCl 2H2O + H2 + Cl2 + 2 NaOH
Sodium metal is produced commercially by electrolysis of liquid sodium chloride. Now it's done in a cell in which Down sodium chloride is mixed with calcium chloride to lower the melting point below 700 ° C. As calcium is more electropositive than sodium, calcium will be formed at the cathode. This method is less costly than the previous method of electrolyzing sodium hydroxide.
Sodium chloride is used in other chemical processes for large scale production of compounds containing sodium or chlorine. In the Solvay process, sodium chloride is used for the production of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride. In the process of Mannheim and Hargreaves in the process, it is used for the production of sodium sulfate and hydrochloric acid.
Biological uses
Many micro-organisms can not live in an environment with too much salt: water is drawn out of their cells by osmosis. For this reason, the salt is used to keep certain foods such as bacon or smoked fish. It can also be used to detach leeches that have attached to the feed. It is also used to disinfect wounds.
Optics uses
Pure NaCl crystal is a compound with a wide optical transmission range of 200 nm to 20 um. It has often been used in the range of the infrared spectrum and it is still sometimes used.
NaCl crystal is soft, hygroscopic and cheap. This limits its application to environmental protection or for use in the short term (prototyping). Exposed to open air optical NaCl "rot".
Today, more severe, such as ZnSe crystals are used instead of NaCl (for the IR spectral range).
Optical data
Transmitivity:.